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Frank Zimring Says Alabama Shooting Defied the Norm

The Washington Post, February 14, 2010 by Desiree Hunter and Kristin M. Hall
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/13/AR2010021303506_pf.html

“Workplace shootings of that kind are overwhelmingly male,” said Franklin E. Zimring, a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.

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Frank Zimring Puts Homicide Drop in Context

New America Media, January 28, 2010 by Franklin E. Zimring
http://news.newamericamedia.org/news/view_article.html?article_id=972db69d1a1e75acf735f4650918ea22

Before the city fathers of San Francisco dance too far out on a limb in claiming credit for good news, the recent experience in Richmond, Calif., should inspire some caution. In 2008, the number of homicides in Richmond dropped substantially—from 47 in 2007 to under 30. This was a very encouraging development in a city of 100,000, where lethal violence is the primary civic problem. But the relief proved temporary, because the homicide toll for 2009 returned to 47.

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Frank Zimring Remarks on Closing of A.L.I.’s Death Penalty Project

The New York Times, January 4, 2010 by Adam Liptak
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/05/us/05bar.html?partner=rss&emc=rss

“The A.L.I. is important on a lot of topics,” said Franklin E. Zimring, a law professor at the University of California, Berkeley. “They were absolutely singular on this topic” — capital punishment — “because they were the only intellectually respectable support for the death penalty system in the United States.”

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Frank Zimring Says District Attorneys Can Cut Plea Deals Unbeknownst to Victims’ Families

Times-Standard, December 5, 2009 by Chris Durant
http://www.times-standard.com/localnews/ci_13933755

“In large cities it’s rare, but the smaller the town, the more visible cases are,” Zimring said. “And you have to remember … it is an elected position.”

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Frank Zimring Refutes Florida AG’s Claim That Harsh Sentences Deter Juvenile Crime

St. Petersburg Times, November 2, 2009 by Jeffrey Fagan and Franklin E. Zimring
http://www.tampabay.com/opinion/columns/myths-of-get-tough-law/1048326

We find no evidence that any of the get-tough laws such as Florida’s law produced significant crime declines among young teenagers in Florida or anywhere else…. As extra prevention, juvenile life without parole is useless.

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Frank Zimring Says Change of Venue Likely in BART Mehserle Case

San Francisco Chronicle, October 2, 2009 by Chip Johnson
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/10/01/BA9H19V673.DTL

“The prosecution may want this out of town because the political implications are that if you get an unpopular verdict, the town may burn,” he said.

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Frank Zimring Explains Intent of Restrictive Laws Governing Young Adults

Governing, October 2009 by Alan Greenblatt
http://www.governing.com/article/what-age-responsibility

Franklin Zimring, a UC Berkeley law professor, suggests that it’s easier to block youngsters from obtaining rights than it is to take away rights to which adults have grown accustomed. That’s because states aren’t really denying young people rights, Zimring says. They’re asking them to wait.

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Frank Zimring Says Budget Cuts Hurt Efforts to Track High-Risk Sex Offenders

KGO-TV, September 3, 2009 by Cecilia Vega
http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/story?section=news/local/east_bay&id=6998171

Zimring says keeping tabs on the highest-risk offenders should be the focus for law enforcement agencies, but as budget cuts take effect, that’s not always being done. “If you had 4,000 or 5,000 high-risk offenders you could do a much better job than if you have 50,000 or a 100,000 sex offenders and it’s one size fits all,” said Zimring.

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Frank Zimring Accounts For New York’s Drop in Crime

The Jerusalem Post, August 23, 2009 by E.B. Solomont
http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1249418671212&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull

The NYPD, which also added thousands of officers during the ’90s, was watching and becoming more aggressive in making arrests. “You had this kitchen sink full of police changes in the 1990s, and you have a much bigger drop in crime in New York than the general American crime drop,” said Frank Zimring, a University of California, Berkeley, law professor and author of The Great American Crime Decline.

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Frank Zimring Says Criminologists Can’t Fully Explain Low Crime Rate

The New York Times, August 1, 2009 by Shaila Dewan
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/02/weekinreview/02dewan.html?_r=1

The decline, Mr. Zimring said, has shown that it isn’t necessary to accomplish major feats, like improving education or raising wages, or punitive ones, like increasing prison sentences, to bring crime down. Smart policing can have an effect. “Crime isn’t an essential part of cities as we know them,” Mr. Zimring said.

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Frank Zimring Objects to Juvenile Sex Offender Registration

The Dallas Morning News, July 19, 2009 by Diane Jennings
http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/stories/DN-familyexperts_19met.ART.State.Edition1.4b90e00.html

Zimring says the laws allowing juvenile registration are an accidental byproduct of adult policies. “Nobody is making policy for 12-year-olds in American legislatures,” the professor says. “What they’re doing is they’re making crime policy and then almost by accident extending those policies to 12-year-olds—with poisonous consequences.” Zimring thinks it’s inappropriate to register anyone adjudicated as a juvenile…. “We have a cure for youth crime,” he says. “It’s growing up.”

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Frank Zimring Claims Anti-Violence Ceasefire Program Lacks Adequate Analysis

The New Yorker, June 22, 2009 by John Seabrook
http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2009/06/22/090622fa_fact_seabrook

Franklin Zimring … told me that one reason that Ceasefire’s effectiveness is difficult to predict in any given city is that Kennedy’s results have not been subjected to a rigorous independent analysis. “Ceasefire is more a theory of treatment than a proven strategy,” he said, adding, “It’s odd that no one has ever said, ‘O.K., here are the youths who were not part of the Ceasefire program in Boston, let’s compare them to the youths who were.’ And no one has followed up with any long-range studies of the criminal behavior of the group that was in the program, either. We just don’t have the evidence, and until we do we can’t evaluate how effective Ceasefire really is.”

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Frank Zimring Explains Phoenix’s Drop in Violent Crime, Rise in Kidnapping

The Arizona Republic, June 10, 2009 by JJ Hensley
http://www.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/local/articles/2009/06/10/20090610ucrstats0610.html

Police say the vast majority of those crimes are the result of drug-and-human smuggling operations, which should make the overall decline in violent crime more significant to most Valley residents and visitors, said Frank Zimring…. “There is no inconsistency between that subtrend and the larger population statistics on crimes that are going down. They’re just two different scales,” he said. “Unless you get kidnapped, then you don’t worry about that trend.”

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Frank Zimring Thinks Crime Rate Not Related to Economic Downturn

The New York Times, June 1, 2009 by Solomon Moore
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/02/us/02fbi.html

“Serious criminal behavior is so intensely concentrated in pockets of the nation that the kids who are committing crimes are usually not part of the factory layoff, they’re not affected by the credit freeze or failing mortgages,” said Frank Zimring, a criminologist at University of California, Berkeley.

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Frank Zimring Believes Oakland Mass Shooting Atypical

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, April 13, 2009 by Mark Roth
http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09103/962453-53.stm

An incident March 21 in which a man killed four Oakland, Calif., police officers and then was shot to death himself also does not fit the usual mass killing pattern, Dr. Zimring said. The suspect in that case was facing a return to prison when he was pulled over at a traffic stop and probably shot the first officer in a state of panic, “and all the other killings followed from that first one.”

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Frank Zimring Suggests Police Foot Patrols Could Lower Crime Rate in Oakland

KQED News, April 2, 2009 Host Cy Musiker
http://www.kqed.org/epArchive/R904021730

“The most hopeful sign is what happened to New York in the 1990s. Almost certainly in that setting, police did make a difference, and they made a difference across the board, in all kinds of neighborhoods. The best guess is that it will have some pay off.”

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Frank Zimring Says High Execution Rates in Asia Due to Authoritarian Regimes

New Scientist, March 16, 2009 by David Johnson and Franklin Zimring
http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20126995.100-capital-punishment-its-all-politics.html

“The biggest obstacle to ending executions in Asia is politics, not culture. Often, the trigger for a decline in capital punishment is a degree of democracy and an easing of authoritarianism.”

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Frank Zimring Notes Unintended Outcome of Federal Death Penalty Law

Daily Journal, February 5, 2009 by Rebecca Beyer
http://www.dailyjournal.com (requires registration; go to G:\Law School in the News\News Clips for article)

Zimring said when the federal death penalty was reinstated it was with the goal of “using federal law to contradict state policy”—in other words, to have the punishment as an option in states where the death penalty doesn’t exist. What happened in reality, he said, was “exactly the opposite….” “What you had was tremendous redundancy,” he said. “The places that had high levels of death verdicts and executions were the places that had the concentrations in federal death penalty verdicts.”

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Frank Zimring and Charles Weisselberg Weigh in on BART Shooting

Oakland Tribune, January 15, 2009 by Katy Murphy
http://www.insidebayarea.com/search/ci_11466194?IADID=Search-www.insidebayarea.com-www.insidebayarea.com

“Are police officers charged with assault and sexual assault and homicide crimes? The answer is yes. Cops are people, too,” said Frank Zimring, a law professor at UC Berkeley. But, he said, murder is so rarely charged as a result of an on-duty use of deadly force because there’s usually “a palpable issue of risk” to the arresting officers or bystanders…. “The officer hasn’t told his side of the story, but when he does, there isn’t going to be an element of that risk,” he said.

Charles Weisselberg, also a UC Berkeley law professor, said it was too soon for him to weigh in on the murder charge, especially without having seen the witness statements and other evidence presented to Alameda County District Attorney Tom Orloff. “I find it really hard from the videos to determine what’s going on,” he said.

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Charles Weisselberg and Frank Zimring Expect D.A. to File Criminal Charges in BART Shooting

The Mercury News, January 14, 2009 by Tammerlin Drummond
http://www.mercurynews.com/oakland-bart-shooting/ci_11447007

“You charge for the top crime it could be,” says Franklin Zimring, a professor at UC Berkeley’s Boalt Law School, who specializes in criminal law. That top crime, he says, would be second-degree murder — which automatically includes the lesser possibilities of voluntary or involuntary manslaughter.

But if that were to be the case, says Charles Weisselberg, a criminal procedure expert at Boalt Law, “he will want to think carefully about how to state that to members of the public.”

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In the News



Frank Zimring Says Alabama Shooting Defied the Norm

The Washington Post, February 14, 2010 by Desiree Hunter and Kristin M. Hall
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/13/AR2010021303506_pf.html

“Workplace shootings of that kind are overwhelmingly male,” said Franklin E. Zimring, a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.


Frank Zimring Puts Homicide Drop in Context

New America Media, January 28, 2010 by Franklin E. Zimring
http://news.newamericamedia.org/news/view_article.html?article_id=972db69d1a1e75acf735f4650918ea22

Before the city fathers of San Francisco dance too far out on a limb in claiming credit for good news, the recent experience in Richmond, Calif., should inspire some caution. In 2008, the number of homicides in Richmond dropped substantially—from 47 in 2007 to under 30. This was a very encouraging development in a city of 100,000, where lethal violence is the primary civic problem. But the relief proved temporary, because the homicide toll for 2009 returned to 47.


Frank Zimring Remarks on Closing of A.L.I.’s Death Penalty Project

The New York Times, January 4, 2010 by Adam Liptak
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/05/us/05bar.html?partner=rss&emc=rss

“The A.L.I. is important on a lot of topics,” said Franklin E. Zimring, a law professor at the University of California, Berkeley. “They were absolutely singular on this topic” — capital punishment — “because they were the only intellectually respectable support for the death penalty system in the United States.”


Frank Zimring Says District Attorneys Can Cut Plea Deals Unbeknownst to Victims’ Families

Times-Standard, December 5, 2009 by Chris Durant
http://www.times-standard.com/localnews/ci_13933755

“In large cities it’s rare, but the smaller the town, the more visible cases are,” Zimring said. “And you have to remember … it is an elected position.”


Frank Zimring Refutes Florida AG’s Claim That Harsh Sentences Deter Juvenile Crime

St. Petersburg Times, November 2, 2009 by Jeffrey Fagan and Franklin E. Zimring
http://www.tampabay.com/opinion/columns/myths-of-get-tough-law/1048326

We find no evidence that any of the get-tough laws such as Florida’s law produced significant crime declines among young teenagers in Florida or anywhere else…. As extra prevention, juvenile life without parole is useless.


Frank Zimring Says Change of Venue Likely in BART Mehserle Case

San Francisco Chronicle, October 2, 2009 by Chip Johnson
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/10/01/BA9H19V673.DTL

“The prosecution may want this out of town because the political implications are that if you get an unpopular verdict, the town may burn,” he said.


Frank Zimring Explains Intent of Restrictive Laws Governing Young Adults

Governing, October 2009 by Alan Greenblatt
http://www.governing.com/article/what-age-responsibility

Franklin Zimring, a UC Berkeley law professor, suggests that it’s easier to block youngsters from obtaining rights than it is to take away rights to which adults have grown accustomed. That’s because states aren’t really denying young people rights, Zimring says. They’re asking them to wait.


Frank Zimring Says Budget Cuts Hurt Efforts to Track High-Risk Sex Offenders

KGO-TV, September 3, 2009 by Cecilia Vega
http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/story?section=news/local/east_bay&id=6998171

Zimring says keeping tabs on the highest-risk offenders should be the focus for law enforcement agencies, but as budget cuts take effect, that’s not always being done. “If you had 4,000 or 5,000 high-risk offenders you could do a much better job than if you have 50,000 or a 100,000 sex offenders and it’s one size fits all,” said Zimring.


Frank Zimring Accounts For New York’s Drop in Crime

The Jerusalem Post, August 23, 2009 by E.B. Solomont
http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1249418671212&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull

The NYPD, which also added thousands of officers during the ’90s, was watching and becoming more aggressive in making arrests. “You had this kitchen sink full of police changes in the 1990s, and you have a much bigger drop in crime in New York than the general American crime drop,” said Frank Zimring, a University of California, Berkeley, law professor and author of The Great American Crime Decline.


Frank Zimring Says Criminologists Can’t Fully Explain Low Crime Rate

The New York Times, August 1, 2009 by Shaila Dewan
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/02/weekinreview/02dewan.html?_r=1

The decline, Mr. Zimring said, has shown that it isn’t necessary to accomplish major feats, like improving education or raising wages, or punitive ones, like increasing prison sentences, to bring crime down. Smart policing can have an effect. “Crime isn’t an essential part of cities as we know them,” Mr. Zimring said.


Frank Zimring Objects to Juvenile Sex Offender Registration

The Dallas Morning News, July 19, 2009 by Diane Jennings
http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/stories/DN-familyexperts_19met.ART.State.Edition1.4b90e00.html

Zimring says the laws allowing juvenile registration are an accidental byproduct of adult policies. “Nobody is making policy for 12-year-olds in American legislatures,” the professor says. “What they’re doing is they’re making crime policy and then almost by accident extending those policies to 12-year-olds—with poisonous consequences.” Zimring thinks it’s inappropriate to register anyone adjudicated as a juvenile…. “We have a cure for youth crime,” he says. “It’s growing up.”


Frank Zimring Claims Anti-Violence Ceasefire Program Lacks Adequate Analysis

The New Yorker, June 22, 2009 by John Seabrook
http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2009/06/22/090622fa_fact_seabrook

Franklin Zimring … told me that one reason that Ceasefire’s effectiveness is difficult to predict in any given city is that Kennedy’s results have not been subjected to a rigorous independent analysis. “Ceasefire is more a theory of treatment than a proven strategy,” he said, adding, “It’s odd that no one has ever said, ‘O.K., here are the youths who were not part of the Ceasefire program in Boston, let’s compare them to the youths who were.’ And no one has followed up with any long-range studies of the criminal behavior of the group that was in the program, either. We just don’t have the evidence, and until we do we can’t evaluate how effective Ceasefire really is.”


Frank Zimring Explains Phoenix’s Drop in Violent Crime, Rise in Kidnapping

The Arizona Republic, June 10, 2009 by JJ Hensley
http://www.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/local/articles/2009/06/10/20090610ucrstats0610.html

Police say the vast majority of those crimes are the result of drug-and-human smuggling operations, which should make the overall decline in violent crime more significant to most Valley residents and visitors, said Frank Zimring…. “There is no inconsistency between that subtrend and the larger population statistics on crimes that are going down. They’re just two different scales,” he said. “Unless you get kidnapped, then you don’t worry about that trend.”


Frank Zimring Thinks Crime Rate Not Related to Economic Downturn

The New York Times, June 1, 2009 by Solomon Moore
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/02/us/02fbi.html

“Serious criminal behavior is so intensely concentrated in pockets of the nation that the kids who are committing crimes are usually not part of the factory layoff, they’re not affected by the credit freeze or failing mortgages,” said Frank Zimring, a criminologist at University of California, Berkeley.


Frank Zimring Believes Oakland Mass Shooting Atypical

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, April 13, 2009 by Mark Roth
http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09103/962453-53.stm

An incident March 21 in which a man killed four Oakland, Calif., police officers and then was shot to death himself also does not fit the usual mass killing pattern, Dr. Zimring said. The suspect in that case was facing a return to prison when he was pulled over at a traffic stop and probably shot the first officer in a state of panic, “and all the other killings followed from that first one.”


Frank Zimring Suggests Police Foot Patrols Could Lower Crime Rate in Oakland

KQED News, April 2, 2009 Host Cy Musiker
http://www.kqed.org/epArchive/R904021730

“The most hopeful sign is what happened to New York in the 1990s. Almost certainly in that setting, police did make a difference, and they made a difference across the board, in all kinds of neighborhoods. The best guess is that it will have some pay off.”


Frank Zimring Says High Execution Rates in Asia Due to Authoritarian Regimes

New Scientist, March 16, 2009 by David Johnson and Franklin Zimring
http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20126995.100-capital-punishment-its-all-politics.html

“The biggest obstacle to ending executions in Asia is politics, not culture. Often, the trigger for a decline in capital punishment is a degree of democracy and an easing of authoritarianism.”


Frank Zimring Notes Unintended Outcome of Federal Death Penalty Law

Daily Journal, February 5, 2009 by Rebecca Beyer
http://www.dailyjournal.com (requires registration; go to G:\Law School in the News\News Clips for article)

Zimring said when the federal death penalty was reinstated it was with the goal of “using federal law to contradict state policy”—in other words, to have the punishment as an option in states where the death penalty doesn’t exist. What happened in reality, he said, was “exactly the opposite….” “What you had was tremendous redundancy,” he said. “The places that had high levels of death verdicts and executions were the places that had the concentrations in federal death penalty verdicts.”


Frank Zimring and Charles Weisselberg Weigh in on BART Shooting

Oakland Tribune, January 15, 2009 by Katy Murphy
http://www.insidebayarea.com/search/ci_11466194?IADID=Search-www.insidebayarea.com-www.insidebayarea.com

“Are police officers charged with assault and sexual assault and homicide crimes? The answer is yes. Cops are people, too,” said Frank Zimring, a law professor at UC Berkeley. But, he said, murder is so rarely charged as a result of an on-duty use of deadly force because there’s usually “a palpable issue of risk” to the arresting officers or bystanders…. “The officer hasn’t told his side of the story, but when he does, there isn’t going to be an element of that risk,” he said.

Charles Weisselberg, also a UC Berkeley law professor, said it was too soon for him to weigh in on the murder charge, especially without having seen the witness statements and other evidence presented to Alameda County District Attorney Tom Orloff. “I find it really hard from the videos to determine what’s going on,” he said.


Charles Weisselberg and Frank Zimring Expect D.A. to File Criminal Charges in BART Shooting

The Mercury News, January 14, 2009 by Tammerlin Drummond
http://www.mercurynews.com/oakland-bart-shooting/ci_11447007

“You charge for the top crime it could be,” says Franklin Zimring, a professor at UC Berkeley’s Boalt Law School, who specializes in criminal law. That top crime, he says, would be second-degree murder — which automatically includes the lesser possibilities of voluntary or involuntary manslaughter.

But if that were to be the case, says Charles Weisselberg, a criminal procedure expert at Boalt Law, “he will want to think carefully about how to state that to members of the public.”



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